Hold back retractor



INVHVTOR.

3 Sheets-Sheet l F. J. RUSSELL HOLD BAcKRErrRAcToR FRED vl RUSSELLATTORNEYS nu L um md omJ .J su .g 0W? \Nm mi OQ. N.-

July 16, 1963 "Filed April 21. 1961' 5| b Illa 1431. mm mm n mm Q n 3.3m. un m July 16, 1963 F. J. RUSSELL 3,097,872

HOLD BACK RETRACTOR Filed April 21, 1961 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ['QED J RUssel- 1- IN VEN TOR.

ATTORN EY 5 July 16, 1963 F. J. RUSSELL HOLD BACK RETRACTQR Filed.4px-11,21. 1961 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INI/EN TOR.

FRED 1. RUSSELL ed): s

ATTORNEYS United States Patent O 3,097,872 HOLD BACK RETRACTOR Fred J.Russell, 3800 Don Felipe Drive, Los Angeles, Calif. Filed Apr. 21, 1961,Ser. No. 104,657 Claims. (Cl. 292 169) The invention relates to doorlocks and in particular locks wherein spindles rotate whereby tomanipulate a retractor slide which in turn operates a latch bolt. Theinvention has special reference to a locking mechanism subject tooperation by a key or turn button to hold the retractor and hence thelatch bolt in retracted position.

When la key is turned in a lock or a button is turned or pressed, as inthe case of a privacy lock, some mechanism within the lock must be setin operation to lock against manipulation -by the knob on the other sidewhich is ordinarily employed to open the door. The more commonexpedients resorted to in locks of this kind has been to interpose someblocking 'device between a stationary part of the lock mechanism and thespindle so that the spindle cannot be rotated. Consequently, when thespindle is incapable of rotation, there is no agency capable ofwithdrawing the latch bolt; and hence the door is locked. When thisexpedient is resorted to, the mechanical elements compacted into adevice of this kind often become undependable. If the llock is oneintended to be locked airomv either side in order to, say, blockrotation of both spindles, each spindle in turn must be `provided withsome blocking means to anchor it to a :stationary portion of the deviceand preferably also something to carry over motion from the key-actuatedlock or button on one side or the other. These circumstances apply alsoin a modified version of the lock where it is desirable to hold thelatch bolt back in unlatched position so that the door can be openedrepeatedly without need for turning the knob. The .application hereindisclosed is a continuation-impart of the -co-pending application SerialNo. 98,067, tiled March 24, 1961.

It is, therefore, among the objects of the invention to provide a newand improved locking device wherein the mechanism is capable ofarresting or blocking movement of the slide after it has been moved towithdrawn position whereby the latch bolt remains unlatched.

Another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved doorlock wherein simple expedients are resorted to whereby to transfermotion from a key or button mechanism through the lock by the shortestroute, thereby to quickly and positively secure the 4retracto slide Iforthe latch bolt lin withdrawn position.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a new and improvedlocking mechanism for the retractor slide of :a lock which can beoperated by a key or locking button on either side but wherein themechanism is simpliiied `in order to reduce the number and complexity ofparts as well =as to improve the strength and dependability Iof themeans for holding the'retractor slide in withdrawn position.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a new and improvedsimple, direct blocking mechanism for holding operating parts of thekdoor lock in position wherein the retractor slide remains withdrawn,the mechanism being such as not to be hampered in its operation 6 'byany variation in the arresting pfo=s1t1ons of the knobs.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in theconstruction, arrangement and combination of the various parts of thedevice, whereby the objects contemplated 4are attained, `as hereinafterset forth, pointed out in the appended claims and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the assembled device inposition holding the retractor slide at .a withdrawn location byoperation of a blocker.

FIGURE 2 .is a longitudinal sectional view of the device similar toFIGURE 1 wherein the retractor slide has been released.

FIGURE 3 is a :cross-sectional view taken through center line of camslots on the line 3 3 of FIGURE l.

FIGURE 4 is a cross-sectional view of the device taken through centerline of cam slots on the line 4 4 of FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 5 is a cross-sectional view of the device taken on the line 5 5of FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 6 is Aa cross-sectional view similar to FIG- URE 5 taken on theline 6 6 of FIGURE 1 showing the retractor slide in retracted position.

FIGURE 7 is a cross-sectional View taken on the line 7 7 of FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 8 is a fragmentary transverse view taken on the line 8 8 ofFIGURE 5.

FIGURE 9 is a fragment-ary transverse View taken on the line `9 9 ofFIGURE 6.

FIGURE l0 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken on the line 1010of FIGURE 9.

FIGURE 1l is a longitudinal sectional View of the assembled device inlocked position as taken on the line 11 11 of FIGURE 1.

In an embodiment of the invention chosen for the purpose of illustrationthere is shown the necessary parts of a door lock mounted in an opening10 in a door 11. T-he parts consist in part of a two-piece frame 12, 12enclosed in a housing 13, the frame having mounted thereon an outsidespindle bearing 14 and an inside spindle bearing 1S. A transverselyreciprocating retractor slide 16 is manipulated alternatively by anoutside tubular spindle 17 or an inside tubular spindle 18. The specialmechanism featured in the invention herein d-isclosed -consists in themain of what can be :generally described as a blocker assembly capableof moving a blocker 19, shown in cross-section in FIGURES 1 and 2, fromthe position shown in FIGURE 2 to the position shown in FIGURE 1 whereit engages the retractor slide 16, and holds it in withdrawn position.

To more clearly understand the operation of the device, attention isdirected to the structure Aand relationship of the retractor slide 16 towhich is attached a tailpiece 20 of a latch bolt (not shown) so thatwhen the slide is moved in a direction from right to left, as viewed inlFIGURES 5 and 6, the latch bolt (not shown) will be withdrawn and thedoor will be unlatched.

When the retractor slide is unlocked and free to be moved, roll-backs 21on the outside tubular spindle 17 or roll-backs 22 on the inside tubularspindle 18 are capable of being moved against retractor shoulders 23I Yor 24, suggested by broken lines in FIGURES 5 and 6, depending on thedirection of rotation, thereby to A spring keep-er 25 of the housing 13engages one end of Ia spring means 26, the other end of `which isimpressed against the retractor slide in la customary manner in ordernormally to urige the slide in a direction from left to right, as viewedin FIGURES 5 and 6.

A cam :sleeve 40 is rotatably secured within the spindle 17 between aknob retainer 217 and la washer 49, the tabs 50 and 51 of which extendinto openings 52 land 53, respectively, in the tubular spindle 17. Thecam sleeve 40 includes a dovetail `washer 41 which is joined wifh and apart of the cam sleeve 40u The dovetail washer has a non-circularopening 141 therein as shown in FIG- URE 7. This opening includes theshoulders y60, 61, 62, and 63. O11 opposite sides of cam sleeve 40 aretwo cam. slots 42 and 43 which extend in a somewhat obliquecircumferential direction, as is apparent in FIGURES 1, 2, 3, and 4.

' Within the inside diameter of the ca-m sleeve 40 is located a blockersleeve 46. The blocker 19v is secured to the end of blocker sleeve 46 bymeans of an annular extension 55 on the blocker sleeve and snap ring 56.

On opposite sides of spindle 17 are located two spindle slots y117 and118, :as seen in FIGURE 11. These slots extend axially along a certainlength of spindle 17. Pins 44 and 45t, are located in and are a part ofblocker sleeve 46 tand extend outwardly from said blocker sleeve throughcam slots 43 :and 42 respectively and also through spindle slots 117 and11S` respectively. Thus, when cam. sleeve 40 is rotated in onedirection, the action of the cam slots 43 and 42 on pins 44 and 45 makethe blocker sleeve 46 and blocker 19 move axially within spindle 17 fromleft as shown in FIGURE 2 to right las shown in FIGURE l. The spindleslots 117 and 118 limit the movement of the pins y44 and 45 andtherefore the movement of the blocker sleeve 46 to ran axial directionwithin the spindle 17. When cam sleeve 40 is rotated in the oppositedirection, `the blocker -sleeve 46 and blocker 19 move axially withinspindle I17 from right as shown in FIGURE 1 to left as shown in -FIGURE2.

To hold a hooked end 57 of the blocker in correct position, there isprovided a slot 58 in the outside sleeve bearing 14. The slot extendswithi-n the right-hand end of the sleeve bearing, as viewed in FIGURES 1and 2, into the fname 12 so that the hooked end 57 when properlyopenated can be [passed into a chamber 59 wi-thin the interior of theiframe 12, 12 Ito the position shown in FIGURE 1. An lopening 54 inoutside tubular spindle 17 extends circumferentially about 106 so thatthe outside tubular `spindle 17 can be rotated yfreely withoutinterference from the blocker 19 in order to manipulate the retnactor:slide 16 1in the nonmal manner when it is not blocked by blocker 19(shown in FIGURE 2).

Nonrotatably conned in a conventional manner Within the outside tubularspindle is an outside key-operated mechanism 27 Iwhich is joinedrotationally with a tailpiece 31. The .tailpiece 31 extends into thenon-circular opening 141 (see FIGURE 7) of the dovetail washer 41. Whenrotated in one direction by operation of the outside key-operatedmechanism 27, the tailpiece 31 engages the shoulders 60 and 63 of thedovetail washer 41, thus rotating cam sleeve 40 in one direction. Whenrotated in the other direction, the tailpiece 31 engages the shoulders61 and 62 of .the dovetail washer 41, thus rotating cam sleeve `40 inthe opposite direction. Though not shown in detail, the samerelationship exists between a tailpiece 36 -of an inside lkey-operatedmechanism 28 housed in the inside tubular spindle 18 and an extensionsleeve 33.

In order to rotationally connect the inside key-openated mechanism 28,its tailpiece 36 and the extension sleeve 33 (all located in the insidetubular spindle 18) with the cam sleeve 40 (located in the outsidetubular spindle 17), a shaft 29 is nonrotatably joined at one of itsends to the extension sleeve 33t, its other end comprising two shoulders129 and 229 (see FIGURE 7) which extend through the non-circular opening141 of the dovetail 4 washer 41. Shaft 29 also includes a shoulder 48which at all times is urged against the dovetail washer 41 by a coiledspring 47, one end of which bears against shoulder 48 and the other endof which bears against blocker sleeve 46, thus holding shoulders `129and 229 of shaft 29 within non-circular opening 1141 of dovetail washer41 at all times. The left-hand :end of shaft 29 (as shown in FIG- URE l)includes a recess 30 which clears the tailpiece 31. When shaft 29` isrotated by the inside key-operated mechanism 28, the shoulders 129 and229 (see FIGURE 7) engage shoulders 60, 63 or shoulders 61, 62,respectively, of dovetail washer and thus rotate cam sleeve 40.

In operation, let it be assumed that the parts are in latch boltreleased position, as shown in FIGURE 2, which would ialso prevail withrespect to the parts as shown in FIGURES 4, 5, and 8. The blocker 19 andits hooked end 57 is withdrawn and the retractor slide 16 is `free toreciprocate when acted upon by one or another of the roll-backs 2'1 or22. Obviously the roll-backs are operated by actuation of the tubularspindles in the customary fashion which is the movement depended uponfor withdrawing the latch b'olt (not shown) through the agency of thetailpiece 20. In this position the cam slot 43 visible in FIGURES 3 and4 is rotated to a position such that the pin 45 is at `the outer end yasshown in FIG- URE 2. When the outside key-operated mechanism 27 is thenmanipulated, the tailpiece 31 is rotated in a counterclockwise direction(see FIGURE 7), wh-ich in turn rotates the cam sleeve 40. This motionforces the pins 45 and 44 down the cam slots 42, 43` and since the pinscan only move axially, being channeled in outside tubular spindle slots117, 118, the pins in consequence will shift axially from left to right,4as viewed in FIGURES 1 and 2, until they reach the other ends of thecam slots, as shown in FIGURE 1. Before the foregoing adjustment isrnade, however, one spindle or the Iother is rotated in the customaryfashion to withdraw the retractor slide to the position of FIGURES 1 and6. This may, for example, be done by lrotating the spindle 17counter-clockwise las viewed in FIGURE 6 so that `the upper roll-back 22moves against the upper retractor shoulder 23.

As the pins y44 and 45 are shifted axially, so also is the blockersleeve 46 shifted axially from left, as shown in FIGURE 2, to right, `asshown in FIGURE 1. The hooked end 57 slides freely in the slot 5S untilit enters the chamber 59. Since the retractor slide 16 is in withdrawnposition, an aperture 67 therein will assume a position of alignmentwith the hooked end S7. The hooked end will therefore enter the aperture67, as shown in FIGURES 1, 9, tand 10, the rear edge of which serves asa shoulder bearing against the hooked `end 57 under pressure of thespring 26. When in this position the retnactor slide `16 cannot movefrom left to right as viewed in FIGURE 6 even though the spindles 17 and18 are released. Accordingly, the latch bolt will remain in withdrawnposition and the do'or on which it may be mounted may be opened at willwithout need for rotating either of the spindles.

When the dev-ice thereafter is to be released, the tailpiece 31 of theoutside key-operated mechanism 27 is rotated in la contrary or clockwisedirection (see FIG- URE 7). This causes the cam sleeve 40 to be rotatedin a corresponding direction and movement will force the pins 44 .and 45along the respective slots 43 and 42 to the opposite ends which willcause the pins and the attached blocker sleeve 46 to be moved in adirection from right to left, as viewed in FIGURES 1 and 2. Thismovement is accompanied by a corresponding movement of the blocker 19and the hooked end 57 from the position of FIGURE 1 lef-tward to theposition Aof FIGURE 2, within the slot 58. Thereafter the retractorslide is again free lfor manipulation in the customary fashion byoperation of the tubular spindles.

It is possible also to use the device in the form herein described as alock for locking the latch bolt in exextended position shown in FIGUREZ,and the spindles this the retractor slide is permitted to remain Vin theextended position shown in FIGURE 2, and the spindles remain in normalposition as suggested in connection with FIGURE 5. The cam sleeve isthen rotated as previously described, for example, by manipulation ofthe key-operated mechanism and the tailpiece lil.V When the cam isrotated counter-clockwise, as viewed in FIG- URE 3, the pins 45, 44 willbe shifted from the outer ends of the respective cam slots (see FIGURE2) to the inner ends of the respective cam slots (see FIGURE l). Thiswill force the blocker `19 and the hooked end 57 to move toward theright as viewed in FIGURE l until the hooked end falls behind theadjacent rear edge of the retractor slide 16. Presence of the hooked end57 behind the slide effectively blocks the slide from movement from alatch lbolt extended position and hence the latch bolt (not shown) willremain locked, but subject to unlocking by reverse operation of the camand the blocker.

The operations of blocking the slide in hold-back position as Well aslocking and unlocking, as accomplished by manipulation of the outsidekey-operated mechanism 27 and its tailpiece 31, may alternately beaccomplished by manipul-ation of the inside key-operated mechanism 28land its shaft 29. In effect, the mechanism 28 substitutes for themechanism 27, and the shaft 2.9 substitutes for the tailpiece 31.

While the invention has herein been shown and described in what isconceived to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it isrecognized that departures may be made therefrom within the scope of theinvention, which is not to be limited to the details disclosed hereinbut is to be accorded the full scope of the claims so as to embrace anyand Iall equivalent devices.

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new in support ofLetters Patent is:

l. A door lock for withdrawing a -latch bolt, said lock comprising arelatively stationary frame having a bearing member on at least one sidethereof, a tubular spindle rotatably mounted on the bearing member andhaving roll-back means thereon, a latch retractor slide memberreciprocatably mounted in said frame for movement in transversedirection and means on the slide engageable with said roll-back meansfor operation thereby, a latch bolt member in engagement With said latchretractor slide member whereby said latch bolt member may be retractedwhen said latch retractor slide member is reciprocated by said roll-backmeans but whereby said latch bolt member may be moved by end pressureindependently of said latch retractor slide member, and a blockerassembly for said slide comprising a lirst cam element Within saidtubular spindle, a second cam element in operating engagement with thefirst cam element, actuating means extending through the spindle fromone of the cam elements to the exterior, and a blocker in operatingengagement with one of the cam elements whereby said blocker is slidablein response to actuation of said cam elements between blocking andunblocking positions, said retractor slide having a shoulder means inalignment with the blocker when the retractor slide is in withdrawnIposition and engageable with said blocker when the blocker is adwancedto blocking position whereby the retractor slide is Withheld in saidwithdrawn position.

2. A door lock comprising a relatively stationary frame having a bearingmember on at least one side thereof, a tubular spindle rotatably mountedon the bearing member and having roll-back means thereon, a latchretractor slide member reciprocatably mounted in said frame for movementin transverse direction and means on the slide engageable with saidroll-back means for operation thereby, a latch bolt member in engagementwith said latch retract-or slide member whereby said latch bolt membermay be retracted when said latch retractor slide member is reciproca-tedby said Yroll-back means but whereby said latch bolt member may be movedby end pressure independently of said latch retractor slide member, anda blocker assembly for said slide comprising a first cam element 'withinsaid tubular spindle, a second cam element in openating engagement withthe iirst cam element, actuating means extending through the spindlefrom one of the cam elements .to the exterior, and a blocker inoperating engagement with the other of said cam elements whereby saidblocker is slidable .in response to actuation of said cam elementsbetween blocking and unblocking positions, said retractor slide having ashoulder means in alignment with the blocker when the retractor slide isin withdnawn position and engageable with said blocker when the blockeris advanced to blocking position whereby the retractor slide is withheldin said withdrawn position.

3. A door lock comprising la relatively stationary frame having abearing member on each side thereof, a tubular spindle rotatably mountedon each of said bearing members and each said spindle having roll-backmeans thereon, a latch -retractor slide member reciprocatably mounted insaid frame for movement in transverse direction and means on the slideengageable with said folla-back means for operation thereby, and ablocker assembly for said slide comprising a iirst cam element withinone of said tubular spindles, a second cam element in operatingengagement with the first cam element, actuating means extending throughthe spindles from one of the cam elements to the exterior on both sidesof the lock, and a single blocker in operating engagement with the otherof said cam elements whereby said blocker is slidable in response toactuation of said cam elements between blocking and unblockingpositions, said retractor slide having a shoulder means in alignmentwith the blocker when the retractor slide is in withdrawn position andengageable with said blocker when the blocker is advanced to blockingposition whereby the retractor slide is Withheld in said withdrawnposition.

4. A door lock comprising a relatively stationary frame having a bearingmember on at least one side thereof, a tubular spindle rotatably mountedon the bearing member and having roll-back means thereon, a latchretractor slide member reciprocatably mounted in said frame for movementin transverse direction and means on the slide engageable with saidroll-back means for operation thereby, and a blocker assembly for saidslide comprising a cam member mounted in said spindle and having anobliquely extending camway thereon, a second cam member within saidspindle having a cam element extending into camming engagement with saidcamway, one of said cam members being movable axially, actuating meansextending through the spindle from the other of said cam members to theexterior, and a single blocker in operating engagement with the cammember which is movable axially whereby said blocker is slidable inresponse to actuation of said cam elements between blocking andunblocking posi-tions, said retractor slide having a shoulder means inalignment with the blocker when the retractor slide is in withdrawnposition and engageable when the blocker is advanced to blockingposition whereby the retractor slide is withheld in said withdrawnposition.

5. A door lock comprising a relatively stationary frame having a bearingmember on at least one side thereof, a tubular spindle rotatably mountedon the bearing member and having roll-back means thereon, a latchretractor slide member reciprocatably mounted in said frame for movementin transverse direction and means on the slide engageable with saidroll-back means for operation thereby, and a blocker assembly for saidslide comprising a cam sleeve rotatably mounted in said spindle andhaving an obliquely extending camway thereon, a blocker having aslide-engaging portion thereof at a loca-tion spaced radially outwardlyrelative to said sleeve,

7 8 said blocker having an axially movable and non-rotatable ingposition whereby the retractor slide is Withheld in mounting in saidsleeve, and a pin on said blocker eX- said Withdrawn position. tendinginto engagement with said camway, rotatable actuating means extendingthrough the spindle from said References Cited in the le of this patentsleeve to lthe exterior, said blocker being slidable in 5 UNITED STATESPATENTS response to actuation of said sleeve between blocking andunblocking positions, said retractor slide having a

4. A DOOR LOCK COMPRISING A RELATIVELY STATIONARY FRAME HAVING A BEARINGMEMBER ON AT LEAST ONE SIDE THEREOF, A TUBULAR SPINDLE ROTATABLY MOUNTEDON THE BEARING MEMBER AND HAVING ROLL-BACK MEANS THEREON, A LATCHRETRACTOR SLIDE MEMBER RECIPROCATABLY MOUNTED IN SAID FRAME FOR MOVEMENTTO TRANSVERSE DIRECTION AND MEANS ON THE SLIDE ENGAGEABLE WITH SAIDROLL-BACK MEANS FOR OPERATION THEREBY, AND A BLOCKER ASSEMBLY FOAR SAIDSLIDE COMPRISING A CAM MEMBER MOUNTED IN SAID SPINDLE AND HAVING ANOBLIQUELY EXTENDING CAMWAY THEREON, A SECOND CAM MEMBER WITHIN SAIDSPINDLE HAVING A CAM ELEMENT EXTENDING INTO CAMMING ENGAGEMENT WITH SAIDCAMWAY, ONE OF SAID CAM MEMBERS BEING MOVABLY AXIALLY, ACTUATING MEANSEXTENDING THROUGH THE SPINDLE FROM THE OTHER OF SAID CAM MEMBERS TO THEEXTERIOR, AND A SINGLE BLOCKER IN OPERATING ENGAGEMENT WITH THE CAMMEMBER WHICH IS MOVABLE AXIALLY WHEREBY SAID BLOCKER IS SLIDABLE INRESPONSE TO ACTUATION OF SAID CAM ELEMENTS BETWEEN BLOCKING ANDUNBLOCKING POSITIONS, SAID RETRACTOR SLIDE HAVING A SHOULDER MEANS INALIGNMENT WITH THE BLOCKER WHEN THE RETRACTOR SLIDE IS IN WITHDRAWPOSITION AND ENGAGEABLE WHEN THE BLOCKER IS ADVANCED TO BLOCKINGPOSITION WHEREBY THE RETRACTOR SLIDE IS WITHHELD IN SAID WITHDRAWPOSITION.